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1.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 82(2): 91-97, Mar.-Apr. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-989394

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT - Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of blindness and visual impairment in older adults living in Guatemala. Methods: Participants ³50 years of age were selected using random cluster sampling and evaluated using the Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness method. Visual acuity was measured, and the lens was examined. If presenting visual acuity was <20/60, it was also tested with a pinhole and fundoscopy was performed. Blindness and visual impairment were classified as moderate visual impairment (presenting visual acuity <20/60 to 20/200), severe visual impairment (presenting visual acuity <20/200 to 20/400), or blindness (presenting visual acuity <20/400). The primary cause of blindness or visual impairment in each eye was determined, and if the cause was cataracts, the barriers to treatment were assessed. Results: The study included 3,850 people ³50 years of age, of whom 3,760 (97.7%) were examined. The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of blindness was 2.9% (95% confidence interval, 2.0%-3.8%), while 5.2% (4.0%-6.4%) presented with severe visual impairment, and 27.6% (23.3%-32.0%) presented with moderate visual impairment. Cataracts were the leading cause of blindness (77.6%), followed by other posterior segment diseases (6.0%). Cataracts caused 79.4% of cases of severe visual impairment, while uncorrected refractive errors caused 67.9% of cases of moderate visual impairment. Following cataract surgery, 75% of participants had a presenting visual acuity of 20/200 or better, and in 19.0% of participants, visual acuity was not better than 20/200 with correction. Cost was the main barrier to cataract surgery (56.7%). Conclusions: The prevalence of blindness in older adults is higher in Guatemala than in most Central American countries. Most cases of blindness and visual impairment were either preventable or treatable. Increased availability of affordable, high-quality cataract treatment would have a substantial impact on blindness prevention.


RESUMO - Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência de cegueira e de­fi­ciência visual em idosos que vivem na Guatemala. Métodos: Indivíduos com idade ³50 anos foram selecionados por amos­tragem aleatória por conglomerados, e os participantes do estudo foram avaliados pelo método de Avaliação Rápida da Cegueira Evitável. A acuidade visual foi medida e o cristalino foi examinado. Se a acuidade visual apresentada fosse <20/60, então também foi testada com um buraco estenopeico e a fundoscopia realizada. A cegueira e a deficiência visual foram classificadas como deficiência visual moderada com acuidade visual <20/60-20/200; deficiência visual grave com acuidade visual <20/200-20/400; ou cegueira com acuidade visual <20/400. A principal causa de cegueira ou deficiência visual em cada olho foi determinada, e naqueles com catarata, as barreiras ao tratamento foram avaliadas. Resultados: O estudo incluiu 3.850 pessoas com ³50 anos de idade; 3.760 (97,7%) foram examinadas. A prevalência de cegueira ajustada à idade e ao sexo foi de 2,9% (intervalo de confiança de 95%, 2,0-3,8%), 5,2% (4,0-6,4%) deficiência visual grave e 27,6% (23,3-32,0%) deficiência visual moderada. A catarata foi a principal de cegueira (77,6%), seguida de outras doenças do segmento posterior (6,0%). Catarata causada por 79,4% de deficiência visual grave, enquanto erros refrativos não corrigidos causaram 67,9% de deficiência visual moderada. Após a cirurgia de catarata, 75% dos participantes tiveram uma acuidade de 20/200, ou melhor, e 19,0% a deficiência visual não foi melhor do que 20/200 com a correção. O custo foi a principal barreira à cirurgia de catarata (56.7%). Conclusões: A prevalência de cegueira em idosos é maior na Guatemala do que na maioria dos outros países da América Central. A maioria dos casos de cegueira e deficiência visual era evitável ou tratável. O aumento da disponibilidade de tratamento de catarata a preços acessíveis e de alta qualidade teria um impacto substancial na prevenção da cegueira.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Vision Disorders/epidemiology , Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Blindness/epidemiology , Vision Disorders/etiology , Severity of Illness Index , Visual Acuity , Blindness/etiology , Prevalence , Sex Distribution , Guatemala/epidemiology
2.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 77(5): 272-277, set.-out. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-977871

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: To report the prevalence and analyse corneal astigmatism patterns in cataract surgery candidates. Methods: Researchers examined 2136 eyes from 1204 patients for cataract surgery from 1 January to 31 December 2016. All the candidates were evaluated with partial coherence interferometry (IOLMaster). The results were analysed statistically in relation to qualitative and quantitative variables. Results: The mean age of the patients was 71.9 years with a female predominance. Mean corneal astigmatism was 1.0 dioptre (D). Against the rule (ATR) astigmatism increased with age. Women presented with steeper corneas than men. In those patients who had both eyes measured, we found strong correlations between amount of right and left eye astigmatism, axis and keratometry. Overall, 39% of the eyes had corneal astigmatism > 1.00 D and 19% >1.50 D. Conclusions: A significant percentage of our population presents with corneal astigmatism > 1.00 D with a shift from WTR (with the rule) to ATR with increasing age. Our findings, in a population that has never been described before, will be helpful to surgeons to enhance surgical techniques, patients to improve visual outcomes, IOL (intraocular lens) manufacturers to make better designs and health agents to optimise resources.


Resumo Objetivo: Relatar a prevalência e analisar os padrões de astigmatismo corneano em candidatos à cirurgia de catarata. Métodos: Os pesquisadores examinaram 2136 olhos de 1204 pacientes a cirurgia de catarata de 1 de janeiro a 31 de dezembro de 2016. Todos os candidatos foram avaliados com interferometria de coerência parcial (IOLMaster). Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente em relação às variáveis qualitativa e quantitativa. Resultados: A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 71,9 anos, com predomínio do sexo feminino. A média de astigmatismo corneano foi de 1,0 dioptria (D). Contra a regra (ATR), o astigmatismo aumentou com a idade. As mulheres apresentaram córneas mais íngremes que os homens. Nos pacientes que tiveram os dois olhos medidos, encontramos fortes correlações entre quantidade de astigmatismo nos olhos direito e esquerdo, eixo e ceratometria. No geral, 39% dos olhos tinham astigmatismo corneano >1,00 D, e 19% > 1,50 D. Conclusões: Uma percentagem significativa da nossa população apresenta astigmatismo corneano >1,00, D com uma mudança de WTR (a favor da regra) para ATR (contra a regra) com o aumento da idade. Nossas descobertas em uma população que nunca foi descrita antes serão úteis para os cirurgiões melhorarem suas técnicas cirúrgicas, os pacientes melhorarem seus resultados visuais, os fabricantes de LIOs (lentes intraoculares) criarem projetos melhores, e os agentes de saúde otimizarem os recursos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Astigmatism/epidemiology , Phacoemulsification/statistics & numerical data , Cornea/diagnostic imaging , Interferometry , Astigmatism/physiopathology , Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Prevalence , Biometry/instrumentation , Axial Length, Eye , Optical Imaging/instrumentation , Anterior Chamber
3.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 77(5): 255-260, set.-out. 2018. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-977868

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia do mutirão de cirurgia de catarata realizado em um município, em 2017, visando o incremento na produção de cirurgias de catarata e a redução da prevalência de catarata na população. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, descritivo, transversal e retrospectivo a partir da análise de dados do mutirão de catarata desenvolvida, no ano de 2017, por intermédio de informações de registros obtidas junto ao Sistema de Informação Ambulatorial (SIA/SUS) e o Sistema de Informação Hospitalar (SIH/SUS), concomitante com a Secretaria de Saúde de Itajubá. Foram realizadas análises estatísticas de acordo com características da amostra e considerado p-valor. Resultados: No estudo, observou-se que a significativa demanda regional por cirurgias de catarata, com destaque para a Fundação Hilton Rocha em Belo Horizonte, com 2030 no total. Na Santa Casa, foram atendidos 538 pacientes, em que todos estes realizaram o exame de ceratometria, 269 fizeram a biometria e o mapeamento de retina em ambos os olhos e por fim 195 pessoas fizeram a cirurgia de catarata do olho direito e 193 do olho esquerdo, totalizando 388 cirurgias. Sendo que 54% da demanda foi agendada. Em uma Clínica Especializada Assistência Médica, foram atendidos 446 pacientes, em que todos estes realizaram o exame de ceratometria, 352 fizeram a biometria do olho direito e 387 do olho esquerdo, 321 realizaram o mapeamento de retina do olho direito e 376 do olho esquerdo e por fim 200 pessoas fizeram a cirurgia de catarata do olho direito e 200 do olho esquerdo, totalizando 400 cirurgias. Conclusão: Os dados vão de encontro com a amostragem do presente estudo, já que foi possível perceber a grande demanda por cirurgias de catarata nas diferentes regiões e o grande impacto que o mutirão realizou na cidade, melhorando a qualidade de vida das pessoas. Dessa forma, o mutirão realizado foi de extrema importância, uma vez que com a cirurgia, evita-se que o quadro de catarata evolua para uma perda total da visão.


Abstract Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of cataract surgery performed in the city in 2017, aiming to increase the production of cataract surgeries and reduce the prevalence of cataract in the population. Methods: This is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study based on the data analysis of the cataract mutirão developed in Itajubá, in the year 2017, through information from records obtained from the Outpatient Information System (SIA / SUS) and the Hospital Information System (SIH / SUS), concomitant with the Health Department. Statistical analyzes were performed according to sample characteristics and considered p-value. Results: In the study, there was a significant regional demand for cataract surgeries, especially the Hilton Rocha Foundation in Belo Horizonte, with 2030 in total. At Santa Casa, 538 patients were seen, all of whom underwent keratometry, 269 did the biometry and the retinal mapping in both eyes and finally 195 people underwent cataract surgery of the right eye and 193 of the left eye, totaling 388 surgeries. Being that 54% of the demand was scheduled. At the Specialized Medical Assistance Clinic, 446 patients were attended, all of whom performed the keratometry exam, 352 did the right eye biometrics and 387 left eye examinations, 321 performed the right eye retinal mapping and 376 of the left eye and finally 200 people underwent cataract surgery of the right eye and 200 of the left eye, totaling 400 surgeries. Conclusion: The data are in agreement with the sample of the present study, since it was possible to perceive the great demand for cataract surgeries in the different regions and the great impact that the collective mobilization for cataract surgery carried out in the city, improving the quality of life of the people. Thus, the effort made was extremely important, since with surgery, it is avoided that the cataract situation evolves into a total loss of vision.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Phacoemulsification/statistics & numerical data , Health Information Systems , Health Services Needs and Demand , Cataract/epidemiology , Medical Records , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Evaluation of the Efficacy-Effectiveness of Interventions , Observational Study
4.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 77(5): 268-271, set.-out. 2018. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-977865

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivos: Medir o ângulo lâmbda (AL) em indivíduos no pré-operatório de facectomias, correlacionando a sua presença com o comprimento axial e o esférico dos olhos. Sugerir condutas para o implante de LIO multifocal de acordo com a presença do ângulo lâmbda. Métodos: Estudo transversal em 128 olhos de 74 indivíduos candidatos à cirurgia de catarata para registrar a equivalente presença do ângulo lâmbda. Resultados: Avaliando o ângulo lâmbda observou-se uma correlação positiva (r= 0,559 / p= 0,000) para o tamanho desse ângulo comparando-se os dois olhos. Não houve correlação entre o tamanho do ângulo lâmbda e o equivalente esférico no olho direito (r= -0,027 / p= 0,840), mas foi verificada correlação positiva para o olho esquerdo (r= 0,313 / p= 0,013). A presença da hipermetropia correlacionou com os comprimentos axiais pequenos, assim como a miopia com os grandes. Observou-se correlação negativa entre o tamanho do ângulo lâmbda e o comprimento axial para os dois olhos, sendo de r= -0,249 para o olho direito (p= 0,042) e r= -0,281 para o olho esquerdo (p= 0,018) Conclusões: Houve correlação entre a presença de ângulo lâmbda maior e comprimentos axiais menores para os dois olhos. Para o equivalente esférico hipermétrope houve correlação com a presença de um ângulo lâmbda maior apenas para o olho esquerdo. Esse trabalho sugere parcimônia nos implantes de LIO multifocal na presença de ângulo lâmbda significativo, baseado na teoria que a presença desse ângulo é reguladora do equilíbrio entre as aberrações da superfície corneana versus cristalineanas.


Abstract Objectives: To measure the labral angle (LA) in individuals in the preoperative period of facectomies, correlating their presence with axial length and spherical equivalent of the eyes. Suggest conduits for the implantation of multifocal IOL according to the presence of the lambda angle. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 128 eyes of 74 individuals who were candidates for cataract surgery to record the presence of the lambda angle. Results: A positive correlation (r = 0.559 / p = 0.000) was observed for the angle of this angle by comparing the two eyes. There was no correlation between the size of the lambda angle and the spherical equivalent in the right eye (r = -0.027 / p = 0.840), but a positive correlation was observed for the left eye (r = 0.313 / p = 0.013). The presence of hyperopia correlated with small axial lengths, as did myopia with large ones. There was a negative correlation between the angle of the tongue and the axial length of the two eyes, with r = -0.249 for the right eye (p = 0.042) and = 0.281 for the left eye (p = 0.018). Conclusions: There was a correlation between the presence of a larger lambda angle and smaller axial lengths for both eyes. For the spherical hypermétrope equivalent, there was a correlation with the presence of a larger blunt angle only for the left eye. This work suggests parsimony in multifocal IOL implants in the presence of a significant lamella angle, based on the theory that the presence of this angle regulates the balance between corneal versus crystaline surface aberrations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Pupil/physiology , Corneal Topography/methods , Lens Implantation, Intraocular , Axial Length, Eye , Multifocal Intraocular Lenses , Lighting , Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Biometry/instrumentation , Biometry/methods , Preoperative Period , Fixation, Ocular , Ocular Physiological Phenomena
5.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 80(2): 104-107, Mar.-Apr. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-838792

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in eyes with uveitis. Methods: Consecutive patients with uveitis and cataracts who had phacoemulsification and acrylic IOL implantation during 2007-2012 were evaluated for visual outcomes, etiology, and complications. Inflammation was controlled for at least 3 months before surgery, and oral prednisone (0.5 mg/kg/day) was administered to patients with non-infectious uveitis. Results: This study investigated 45 eyes in 38 patients with a mean age of 52 ± 12.5 years. The most common etiologies among non-infectious causes (n=32; 73.3%) were Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (n=9), Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis (n=4), and sympathetic ophthalmia (n=3). Four cases were idiopathic. Among infectious cases (n=13; 28.9%), the most common causes were toxoplasmosis (n=6) and presumed ocular tuberculosis (n=4). An acrylic IOL was implanted in-the-bag in all cases. After 1-year follow-up, an improvement in visual acuity of two or more lines was observed in 38 eyes (84.4%), and 28 eyes (62.2%) achieved a postoperative visual acuity of ≥0.5. Posterior capsule opacification was observed in 10 eyes (22.2%). Persistent postoperative inflammation (of >6 months) was observed in seven eyes (15.5%) and recurrence occurred in four eyes (8.8%). IOL was explanted in one eye. Intraocular hypertension was observed in six eyes (13.3%). Conclusions: Phacoemulsification with IOL implantation improved vision in most patients with coexisting cataracts and uveitis. Good preoperative and postoperative control of inflammation plays an important role in achieving favorable visual outcomes. Furthermore, the final visual outcome depends on the posterior segment status.


RESUMO Objetivos: Avaliar os resultados da facoemulsificação com implante de lente intraocular em olhos com uveíte. Métodos: Foram incluídos pacientes consecutivos com catarata e uveíte, submetidos a facoemulsificação com implante de lente intraocular acrílica no período de 2007 a 2012, onde avaliou-se resultados visuais, etiologia e complicações. A inflamação estava quiescente por pelo menos três meses e foi usado prednisona oral (0,5 mg/kg/dia) em pacientes com uveíte não infecciosa. Resultados: Este estudo incluiu 45 olhos de 38 pacientes com idade media de 52±12.5 anos. As etiologias mais frequentes, entre as causas não-infecciosas (n=32; 73,3%), foram doença de Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (n=9), idiopáticas (n=4), iridociclite heterocrômica de Fuchs (n=4) e oftalmia simpática (n=3). Entre as causas infecciosas (n=13; 28,9%), as mais frequentes foram toxoplamose (n=6) e tuberculose ocular presumida (n=4). Uma lente de acrílico foi implantada no saco capsular em todos os casos. Com um ano de seguimento, 38 olhos (84,4%) melhoraram 2 ou mais linhas; 28 olhos (62,2%) atingiram uma acuidade visual pós-operatória de 0,5 ou melhor. Opacidade de cápsula posterior foi observada em 10 olhos (22,2%). Inflamação pós-operatória persistente (>6 meses) foi observada em 7 olhos (15,5%) e a recorrência ocorreu em 4 olhos (8,8%). Houve necessidade de explante da lente em um olho. Hipertensão intraocular foi observada em 6 olhos (13,3%). Conclusões: Facoemulsificação com implante de lente intraocular melhorou a visão na maioria dos pacientes com catarata e uveíte. O controle adequado pré e pós-operatório da inflamação desempenha um papel reconhecidamente importante para obtenção de bons resultados visuais. O resultado visual final depende de alterações prévias do segmento posterior.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Uveitis/surgery , Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Phacoemulsification/statistics & numerical data , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/statistics & numerical data , Postoperative Complications , Brazil , Preoperative Care , Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Visual Acuity , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Phacoemulsification/adverse effects , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Tertiary Care Centers/statistics & numerical data , Inflammation/etiology
7.
Rev. SOBECC ; 20(2)abr.-jun. 2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-761349

ABSTRACT

Descrever as características da síndrome tóxica do segmento anterior (TASS) e as implicações para as ações de enfermagem. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura por meio de pesquisa nas bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE) e Literatura Latino-Americana em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). Resultados: A TASS é uma reação inflamatória ocular aguda após cirurgias oftálmicas, principalmente a cirurgia de catarata, cuja apresentação clínica nas primeiras 12 horas após o procedimento inclui sinais como edema da córnea, presença de células na câmara anterior (CA), pressão intraocularaumentada e pupila irregular. As principais causas estão relacionadas com substâncias não infecciosas introduzidas no olho do paciente a partir de produtos usados durante a cirurgia ou devido a falhas no processamento dos instrumentais. Conclusão: As implicações para a enfermagem consistem nas medidas de prevenção, treinamento de pessoal, orientação aos pacientes e vigilância epidemiológica ativa visando à identificação precoce de sinais indicativos da TASS...


Subject(s)
Humans , Nursing Care , Perioperative Nursing/statistics & numerical data , Sterilization , Cataract Extraction/nursing , Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data
10.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 77(1): 25-29, Jan-Feb/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-715557

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To compare the cataract surgical rate (CSR) in 2001 with that in 2008 in all Argentinean provinces using current reporting methods and verify the accuracy of CSRs by crosschecking these methods with the number of sold intraocular lenses (IOLs) within the country. Methods: A longitudinal study including public and private setups was conducted, and it included 40 ophthalmologists from 22 provinces who provided cataract surgery data for 2001 and 2008. Other data were obtained from the Ministry of Health. Estimates were crosschecked against the market data for sold intraocular lens (IOLs) in 2008 and 2010. Results: The number of cataract surgeries increased 2.7-fold, from 62,739 in 2001 to 169,762 in 2008, with increases in every province except Mendoza. Although the population also increased by 9.4% during the same time period, the apparent CSR jumped from 1,744 to 4,313 per million population. The number of IOLs sold in Argentina in 2008 was 186,652, suggesting that the number of cataract surgeries performed was slightly greater than anticipated. Crosschecks with other countries using IOL sales data did not show discrepancies when compared with previously reported CSRs. Conclusions: Although the CSR in Argentina increased considerably from 2001 to 2008 for several reasons, the main reason was that thorough crosschecking between the number of surgeries reported and the number of IOLs sold revealed that the number of surgeries performed annually were being underestimated as a result of incomplete reporting by private practitioners. Furthermore, the presence of multiple societies of ophthalmology in the country complicated the process of obtaining accurate data. .


Objetivo: Comparar a taxa de cirurgia de catarata (TCC) em todas as províncias da Argentina entre 2001 e 2008, utilizando métodos de relatórios convencionais e verificar a precisão da TCC por meio do cruzamento desses métodos com o número de lentes intraoculares (LIOs) vendidas no país. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal realizado em clínicas públicas e privadas, com a participação de 40 oftalmologistas de 22 províncias, que forneceram dados sobre cirurgias de catarata para 2001 e 2008. Outros dados foram obtidos a partir do Ministério da Saúde. As observações foram cruzadas com os dados de mercado para LIOs no período de 2008 a 2010. Resultados: O número de cirurgias de catarata aumentaram 2,7 vezes, de 62.739 em 2001 para 169.762 em 2008, com aumentos em todas as províncias, exceto Mendoza. Embora a população também tenha aumentado 9,4 % durante o mesmo período de tempo, a aparente TCC saltou de 1.744 para 4.313 por milhão de população. O número de LIOs vendidas na Argentina em 2008 foi de 186.652, o que pode significar que tenham sido realizadas um pouco mais de cirurgias de catarata do que o estimado. Verificações cruzadas com outros países que utilizam dados de vendas de LIOs não apresentam discrepâncias quando comparado a TCC anteriormente relatadas. Conclusões: De 2001 a 2008, a TCC na Argentina aumentou consideravelmente por várias razões mas, principalmente, porque foi revelada, por meio do cruzamento de dados sobre cirurgias relatadas com o número de LIOs vendidas, que o número de cirurgias realizadas anualmente foi hipoestimado no passado, como resultado de relatórios incompletos feitos por médicos privados. Há também várias sociedades de oftalmologia no país, o que dificulta a obtenção de dados precisos. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Lenses, Intraocular/statistics & numerical data , Argentina/epidemiology , Cataract/epidemiology , Data Collection , Longitudinal Studies , Ophthalmology , Time Factors
11.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 73(3): 207-212, jun. 2013. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-694766

ABSTRACT

Modern cataract surgery by phacoemulsification is a widely accepted procedure with a rapid recovery time. The prescription of specific intraocular lens, implanted during surgery, makes it possible to anticipate whether the patient will need reading glasses after the procedure. The present study analyses a sample of cataract surgery patients to show the frequency of myopic shifts related to nuclear opacity, which can result in clear near vision before surgery. A non-selected sample of consecutive patients who underwent elective cataract surgery in a private clinic was studied retrospectively. The myopic shift in refraction was assessed by comparing the old prescription with the spectacle correction at the time of interviewing.The mean age of the 229 subjects studied was 71.5 ± 10.4 years (109, 47.6%, males). A myopic shift in refraction, defined as at least - 0.5 diopters, was present in 37.1% of subjects (95% CI: 30.8%-43.4%). The mean change in refraction in these subjects was -2.52 ± 1.52 diopters. The percentage of subjects who had developed a myopic shift was significantly greater in those who presented greater nuclear opalescence. There were also differences in the mean myopic shift by refractive group, with the emmetropes having the greatest myopic shift. In this study of patients seeking cataract surgery in a clinical setting, more than one third had myopic shifts in refraction. This must be taken into account in order that patients maintain the benefit of clear near vision after surgery.


La cirugía moderna de facoemulsificación del cristalino tiene una recuperación muy rápida. La elección correcta del lente intraocular que se coloca en la cirugía permite, muchas veces, anticipar si el paciente va a precisar anteojos luego de la cirugía. Este estudio analiza una muestra de pacientes con catarata, mostrando la frecuencia relativa de cambios miópicos que permiten a los pacientes ver de cerca sin lentes antes de la cirugía. Se estudiaron retrospectivamente una serie de pacientes consecutivos que realizaron cirugía electiva de catarata. El cambio refractivo miópico fue documentado comparando las prescripciones antiguas con la medición subjetiva al momento del estudio. Los sujetos fueron agrupados de acuerdo a la presencia o ausencia de cambios miópicos, y se estudiaron las proporciones con respecto a su grado de opacidad nuclear. La edad promedio de los 229 sujetos estudiados fue de 71.5 ± 10.4 años, 109 (47.6%) varones. Se halló un cambio miópico, definido como un cambio mayor de - 0.5 dioptrías, en 85 (37.1%, IC95%: 30.8-43.4%). El porcentaje de sujetos con cambio miópico fue significativamente mayor en aquellos que tenían mayor opacidad nuclear al tiempo del examen. En este estudio de pacientes no seleccionados que buscaban realizar cirugía de catarata, más de un tercio tuvo cambios miópicos en la refracción. Si el paciente lograba ver bien de cerca antes de la cirugía, esto debería ser tenido en cuenta a la hora de elegir un correcto lente intraocular para que el sujeto no pierda este beneficio de la catarata.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Cataract/epidemiology , Myopia/epidemiology , Argentina/epidemiology , Cataract Extraction/standards , Lenses, Intraocular , Myopia/surgery , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies
12.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 75(5): 333-336, set.-out. 2012. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-667577

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar a incidência e causas de cancelamento de cirurgias de catarata em um hospital público de referência. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo em que foram analisados o número de cancelamentos de facectomias durante o ano de 2009. Foram analisados sexo, idade, tipo de procedimento suspenso (facoemulsificação ou extração extracapsular do cristalino), tipo de anestesia, convênio (Sistema Único de Saúde ou convênio/particular) e motivo de suspensão da cirurgia (causas clínicas, institucionais ou pessoais). RESULTADOS: Foram agendadas no período 2.965 cirurgias de catarata, havendo 650 cancelamentos (21,92%). Dentre as principais razões para a suspensão do procedimento destacaram-se as causas clínicas (86,90%). Os meses de inverno apresentaram os maiores índices de suspensão de cirurgias de catarata. CONCLUSÃO: A taxa de cancelamento de cirurgia de catarata em serviços públicos parece ser a mesma que há 10 anos. A principal causa de suspensão deve-se por condições clínicas (hipertensão, diabetes, falta de exames, etc.).


PURPOSE: To report the incidence and causes of cataract surgery cancellations in a public hospital. METHODS: This is a retrospective study, which examined the number of cancellations of cataract surgery during 2009. We analyzed the type of procedure suspended (phacoemulsification or extracapsular extraction), type of anesthesia, gender, age, covenant (public/private) and the main reasons for suspension of the surgeries (clinical causes, institutional or personal). RESULTS: We analyzed 2,965 scheduled cataract surgeries, with 650 cancellations (21.92%). The main reason for the suspension of the procedure was clinical causes (86.90%). The winter months had the highest suspension rates of cataract surgery. CONCLUSION: The cancellation rate of cataract surgery in Brazilian public system seems to be the same as 10 years ago. The main cause of the suspension should be in clinical conditions (hypertension, diabetes, lack of exams, etc.).


Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Middle Aged , Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Efficiency, Organizational , Refusal to Treat/statistics & numerical data , Elective Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Hospitals, Public/statistics & numerical data , Retrospective Studies
13.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2011 Nov; 59(6): 471-474
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-136230

ABSTRACT

Aim: To determine the risk factors for developing phacomorphic glaucoma in eyes with mature cataracts. Materials and Methods: This is a case-control study comprising of 90 eyes with phacomorphic glaucoma and 90 age- and sex-matched control eyes with mature cataracts without phacomorphic glaucoma. Patients with pre-existing glaucoma, previous intraocular surgery and /or absence of documented axial lengths were excluded from this study. Binary logistic regression analysis of the variables, axial length and anterior chamber depth, was performed. Anterior chamber depth of the contralateral eye was used as a proxy measure of the pre-phacomorphic state in the eye with phacomorphic glaucoma as majority of them first presented to our center during the phacomorphic attack without prior measurements of the pre-phacomorphic ACD or lens thickness; therefore, their anterior chamber depth would not be representative of their pre-phacomorphic state. Axial length of 23.7 mm was selected as a cut-off for dichotomized logistic regression based on the local population mean from published demographic data. Results: The mean age was 73.1 ± 10.2 years. All phacomorphic and control eyes were ethnic Chinese. The mean presenting intraocular pressures were 49.5 ± 11.8 mmHg and 16.7 ± 1.7 mmHg in the phacomorphic and control eyes respectively (P< 0.0001), whilst the median Snellen best corrected visual acuity were light perception and hand movement in the phacomorphic and control eyes respectively. Eyes with phacomorphic glaucoma had shorter axial length of 23.1 ± 0.9 mm median when compared with that of control eyes, 23.7 ± 1.5 mm (P = 0.0006). Eyes with AL ≤ 23.7 mm were 4.3 times as likely to develop phacomorphic glaucoma when compared with AL > 23.7 mm (P = 0.003). Conclusion: Axial length less than ≤ 23.7 mm was a risk factor for developing phacomorphic glaucoma. Eyes with AL shorter than the population mean were 4.3 times as likely to develop phacomorphic glaucoma compared with eyes with longer than average AL. In an area where phacomorphic glaucoma is prevalent and medical resources are limited, patients with AL shorter than their population mean may be considered for earlier elective cataract extraction as a preventive measure.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anterior Chamber/anatomy & histology , Anterior Chamber/surgery , Case-Control Studies , Cataract/epidemiology , Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Glaucoma/epidemiology , Humans , Intraocular Pressure , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors
14.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 74(5): 323-325, set.-out. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-608401

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Estimar o valor dos Projetos Catarata para a comunidade, identificando características e dificuldades de acesso ao diagnóstico e ao tratamento da catarata na rotina de atendimento de diversos Sistemas de Saúde. MÉTODOS: Durante uma campanha de catarata realizada em um hospital universitário foi aplicado um questionário de múltipla escolha somente aos pacientes selecionados para a cirurgia de catarata. Foram avaliadas, dentre outras, as seguintes variáveis: acesso prévio à consulta oftalmológica (serviço público ou privado); motivo(s) para a não realização da cirurgia no serviço inicial. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 627 pacientes com diagnóstico de catarata. A maioria 595 (95 por cento) já havia consultado um oftalmologista previamente, sendo que em 63 por cento das situações (375 pacientes) a consulta havia sido realizada há menos de um ano. A última avaliação oftalmológica foi realizada pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) em 52 por cento dos casos (307 pacientes), e entre estes, a fila de espera foi apontada pela maioria como sendo a causa da não realização da cirurgia. Com relação aos pacientes previamente atendidos em serviços privados, o motivo da não realização da cirurgia foi o custo da cirurgia e custo da lente intraocular. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que a rotina de atendimento oftalmológico no SUS em São Paulo não está preparada para atender a demanda por cirurgias de catarata, e o sistema de saúde privado ainda exclui uma parcela da população que possuí acesso à consulta clínica da cirurgia de catarata. É importante a continuidade da realização de campanhas comunitárias para atender a população que não teria como acessar a cirurgia pelas vias convencionais.


PURPOSE: To identify the difficulties in access to diagnosis and treatment of cataract in patients attended during a cataract campaign. METHODS: A questionnaire was administered to patients selected for cataract surgery. We evaluated, among others, the following variables: prior access to ophthalmologists (public or private), reason(s) for not having surgery early in the initial service, the average cost charged by cataract surgery and intraocular lens (IOL) (private services and agreements). RESULTS: A total of 627 patients was evaluated. Most of them - 595 (95 percent) had previously attended an ophthalmologist, and in 63 percent of cases (375 patients) the consultation had been held for less than a year. The last evaluation was performed by the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS) in 52 percent of the cases (307 patients). Regarding the reason for not having surgery in the initial service, the high cost of the surgery (R$ 2.000 - R$ 4.000) and the cost of IOLs (R$ 1.000 - R$ 1.500) was the main obstacle for most attended services and private covenants. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that the routine of ophthalmologic care in SUS at São Paulo is not prepared to answer the demand for cataract surgeries and private healthcare system still excludes a portion of the population. It is important to continue the implementation of community campaigns to serve the population that would be unable to access the surgery through conventional ways.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cataract Extraction/economics , Educational Status , Private Sector/economics , Private Sector/statistics & numerical data , Public Health/economics , Public Health/statistics & numerical data , Surveys and Questionnaires , Waiting Lists
15.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 73(5): 399-404, Sept.-Oct. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-570498

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Verificar em dois grupos de pacientes com visão monocular (grupo 1) e com visão binocular (grupo 2), a serem submetidos à cirurgia de catarata num hospital universitário, opiniões em relação ao problema ocular, à qualidade da visão e à cirurgia de catarata. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado estudo transversal e comparativo, de forma consecutiva, por meio de questionário estruturado, aplicado por entrevista a pacientes, elaborado a partir de estudo exploratório e medidas acuidade visual e causa da perda visual. RESULTADOS: A amostra foi constituída por 96 indivíduos do grupo 1 (50,0 por cento homens; 50,0 por cento mulheres, com idade entre 41 e 91 anos, média 69,3 anos ± 10,4 anos) e 110, do grupo 2 (40,9 por cento homens; 59,1 por cento mulheres, com idade entre 40 e 89 anos, média 68,2 anos ± 10,2 anos). A maioria dos indivíduos de ambos os grupos apresentava baixa escolaridade. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos em relação ao sexo (p=0,191), à idade (p=0,702) e à escolaridade (p=0,245). Não exerciam atividade laboral 95,8 por cento dos indivíduos do grupo 1 e 83,6 por cento, do grupo 2 (p=0,005) e 30,4 por cento do grupo 1 mencionaram não ter possibilidade de trabalhar por causa da deficiência visual. Observou-se acuidade visual do olho a ser operado menor que 0,05 em 40,6 por cento (grupo 1) e 33,6 por cento (grupo 2), entre 0,25 e 0,05. Quase a totalidade dos indivíduos de ambos os grupos afirmou ter dificuldade para realização das atividades de vida diária e qualificou como insuficiente a respectiva acuidade visual; 71,9 por cento dos entrevistados do grupo 1 e 71,6 por cento, do grupo 2 mencionaram saber a causa da visão fraca; desses, 87,1 por cento do grupo 1 e 83,3 por cento do grupo 2 referiram a catarata como causa da baixa acuidade visual. CONCLUSÃO: Os indivíduos de ambos os grupos tiveram acesso à cirurgia de catarata com acuidade visual menor do que a idealmente indicada; os pacientes com visão monocular apresentaram acuidade visual significativamente menor em relação aos com visão binocular; a maioria dos entrevistados de ambos os grupos referiu dificuldades para realizar atividades cotidianas como consequência da baixa visão; muitos indivíduos de ambos os grupos desconheciam a causa da dificuldade visual ou a atribuíram a outra causa que não a catarata.


PURPOSE: To verify in two groups of patients: monocular (group 1) and binocular vision (group 2) to be submitted to cataract surgery at an University Hospital, opinions, expectances and emotional reactions related to the ocular problem, to the quality of vision and to cataract surgery. METHODS: A transversal comparative and consecutive study was performed using a structured questionnaire applied by patients interview. The questionnaire was elaborated from a previous exploratory study; visual acuity and cause of the visual loss were evaluated. RESULTS: The sample was constituted by 96 persons of group 1 (50.0 percent male; 50.0 percent female, ages ranging from 41 to 91 years; average 69.3 years ± 10.4 years) and 110 persons of group 2 (40.9 percent male; 59.1 percent female, ages ranging from 40 to 89 years; average 68.2 years ± 10.2 years). The majority of persons of both groups presented low educational level. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in relation to gender (p=0.191), age (p=0.702) and educational level (p=0.245). No work activity was mentioned in 95.8 percent of the persons of group 1 and 83.6 percent of group 2 (p=0.005) and 30.4 percent of group 1 informed the impossibility to work due the visual impairment. Visual acuity of the eye to be operated was less than 0.05 in 40.6 percent (group 1) and in 33,6 percent (group 2), presented visual acuity ranging from 0.05 to 0.25. Almost the totality of the persons of both groups informed difficulties to perform activities of daily life and qualified as insufficient their visual acuities; 71.9 percent of the patients of group 1 and 71.6 percent of group 2 informed to know the reason of low vision; among these, 87.1 percent of group 1 and 83.3 percent of group 2 mentioned cataract as the reason of low visual acuity. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the patients of both groups were submitted to cataract surgery with visual acuities less than the visual ...


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Cataract/psychology , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Vision, Binocular/physiology , Vision, Monocular/physiology , Visual Acuity/physiology , Activities of Daily Living/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cataract Extraction/psychology , Cataract/etiology , Cataract/physiopathology , Treatment Outcome
16.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2010 Jul; 58(4): 297-302
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-136075

ABSTRACT

Background: The objective of the study was the determination of the incidence of culture-proven postoperative endophthalmitis and probable sources of infection. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective study on the microbiology, incidence and probable sources of infection in patients with postoperative infectious endophthalmitis carried out in a tertiary care eye hospital. Consecutive patients diagnosed with postoperative infectious endophthalmitis during the years 2000-2007 were investigated for the causative infective agent and possible sources of infection. The surgical data and microbiological data including the investigations performed to trace the source were recorded in a specific formatted form and were gathered and compiled for analysis. Results: Data of analysis showed that 98 (0.042%) out of 2,31,259 patients who underwent intra-ocular surgery developed infectious endophthalmitis. Among these, 70 (0.053%) occurred after cataract, 10 (0.5%) after penetrating keratoplasty (PK) and 18 (0.018%) following other types of intra-ocular surgeries. The predominant infectious agents isolated were bacteria (89.7%), with equal proportions of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Polymicrobial infection was noted in four and fungi in seven patients. Occurrence of postoperative endophthalmitis was sporadic and not related to any specific part of period in a year. Sources of infection were donor corneal rim in six post-PK patients and phaco probe in one who had postphacoemulsification endophthalmitis Conclusions: Overall incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis over an 8-year period was quite low. The sources of infection could be established in six post-PK endophthalmitis patients and in a postcataract surgery.


Subject(s)
Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Endophthalmitis/epidemiology , Endophthalmitis/microbiology , Endophthalmitis/surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Geobacillus stearothermophilus , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/surgery , Hospitals, Special/statistics & numerical data , Humans , India/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/microbiology , Retinal Diseases/surgery , Time Factors , Vitreous Body/surgery
17.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 23(supl.1): 522-530, 2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-615589

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Describir los resultados encontrados en pacientes operados de catarata por faco-prechop con el uso de la anestesia tópica. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo prospectivo, de 30 ojos (19 pacientes) atendidos en el Centro de Microcirugía Ocular del Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología Ramón Pando Ferrer operados de catarata mediante Facoemulsificación por técnica de prechop, en los cuales se utilizó anestesia tópica durante la cirugía en el período comprendido de julio a septiembre de 2009. A los mismos se les realizó microscopía endotelial antes y después de la cirugía con el objetivo de determinar las modificaciones en la densidad celular. Se evaluó la presencia de dolor, así como el confort del cirujano en una escala de satisfacción. Se analizaron las variables edad, promedio celular, dolor, confort del cirujano y mejor agudeza visual corregida pre y posoperatoria. La información se procesó a través de frecuencias absolutas, relativas, media y prueba T de Student. RESULTADOS: La edad media de los pacientes fue de 62 años con un mínimo de 46 y un máximo de 94. La pérdida celular fue mínima. Un escaso número de pacientes manifestó dolor en algún momento de la cirugía, por lo que el confort del cirujano no se afectó de manera significativa durante el acto quirúrgico. Se encontró una ganancia visual de cinco líneas en la escala de Snellen. CONCLUSIONES: Los anestésicos tópicos en la cirugía de catarata evidenciaron ser de muy buena utilidad en nuestra técnica, lo cual no nos llevó al uso de otras vías anestésicas más invasivas para los pacientes


OBJECTIVE: To describe the results found in patients operated from cataract by the Phaco-Prechop technique using the topical anesthesia. METHODS: A prospective, observational and descriptive study was performed in 30 eyes (19 patients), seen at the Center of Ocular Microsurgery of Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology and operated from cataract by phacoemulsification using the prechop technique and the topical anesthesia, was in the period of July to September 2009. These patients underwent endothelial microscopy before and after the surgery with the objective of determining any change in the cellular density. The pain and the surgeon's comfort measured in a satisfaction scale were evaluated. Variables such as age, cellular average, pain, the surgeon's comfort and the best pre and postoperative corrected visual acuity were analyzed. The information was processed through the absolute and relative frequencies, the mean and Student´s t test. RESULTS: The average age of the patients was 62 years -minimum 46 and a maximum 94 years. The cellular loss was minimal. A small number of patients felt pain at certain moment of the surgery; therefore the surgeon's comfort was not affected in a significant way during the surgery. The visual gain was found to be five lines in the Snellen´s chart. CONCLUSIONS: The topical anesthetics turned to be very useful in the cataract surgery using the phaco-prechop technique, thus avoiding other more invasive anesthestic paths for the patients


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anesthetics, Local/therapeutic use , Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Phacoemulsification/methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Observational Studies as Topic , Prospective Studies
18.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 23(supl.1): 531-544, 2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-615590

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Determinar la efectividad de la fórmula de Haigis en el cálculo del poder dióptrico del lente intraocular. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo prospectivo, de pacientes operados de catarata mediante la técnica de Facoemulsificación en el Servicio de Microcirugía del Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología Ramón Pando Ferrer entre enero 2007 a enero 2008. Para el cálculo del poder del lente intraocular se empleó el IOL Máster y la fórmula de Haigis. La muestra de 101 pacientes, se seleccionó por el método aleatorio simple, de los cuales 28 fueron intervenidos en ambos ojos, para un total de 129 ojos. RESULTADOS: El equivalente esférico preoperatorio y posoperatorio no tuvieron diferencias, sí existieron entre esfera esperada y la obtenida. La mayor diferencia entre la esfera esperada y la obtenida fue encontrada en los pacientes hipermétropes. El astigmatismo refractivo fue bajo. La longitud axil posoperatoria no se modificó y la mejor agudeza visual sin corrección y con corrección mejoró en más de cuatro líneas en la cartilla de Snellen CONCLUSIÓN: Se demostró la efectividad de la fórmula de Haigis en el cálculo del poder del lente intraocular


OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of Haigis´formula in the intraocular lens power calculation. METHODS: A prospective and descriptive study was conducted in patients operated from cataract with phacoemulsification technique at the Microsurgery Service of Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Opththalmology from January 2007 to January 2008. The IOL Master and the Haigis´formula were used for the intraocular lens power calculation. The sample of 101 patients was selected by the simple random method, of whom 28 underwent surgery in both eyes, for a total number of 129 eyes. RESULTS: The Pre- and the post-operative spherical equivalents did not have any differences; but the expected sphere and the real sphere did show differences. The biggest difference between the expected sphere and the real one was found in the hypermetropic patients. The refractive astigmatism was low. The postoperative axil length did not change and the best visual acuity without/ with Correction improved by more than four lines in the Snellen´s chart. CONCLUSION: The effectiveness of Haigis´ formula was confirmed in the intraocular lens power calculation


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Visual Acuity/physiology , Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Phacoemulsification/methods , Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Longitudinal Studies , Observational Studies as Topic , Prospective Studies
19.
Arch. chil. oftalmol ; 65(2): 25-32, 2010. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-609873

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar postoperatorio tardío en cataratas infantiles operadas. Material: Estudio retrospectivo de 38 niños operados, antes del 2004 que acuden a citación. Se completa registro. Resultados: Dieciocho (56 por ciento) son mujeres, rango 5-14 años. 42 por ciento cataratas totales, 82 por ciento visión consignada menor 0,1 y 16 por ciento abandonan tratamiento. Veinte casos bilaterales (56 por ciento), 5 antecedentes familiares y 1 Síndrome Down. 29 ojos (73 por ciento) con implanta LIO, logrando 14 visión mayor 0,5 (34 por ciento consignados). 18 (75 por ciento) capsulotomía, primaria (12) o YAG (6). Cuatro (22 por ciento) microftalmia-nistagmo tienen peor pronóstico visual (biometría 75 por ciento <16 mm). Terminan 4 casos (20 por ciento) estrabismo y 2 (10 por ciento) glaucoma. Dieciocho unilaterales (46 por ciento), 61 por ciento visiones consignadas menor 0.1, 50 por ciento catarata total. 11 traumatismos (edad operatoria 6 años vs unilateral 2 años). 12 ojos (67 por ciento) con capsulotomía y 11 implante LIO (53 por ciento aumenta 72 por ciento trauma). 27 por ciento visión final mayor 0,5 y una visión cero (trauma PVR). Conclusiones: Peor pronóstico en casos bilaterales con microftalmia y unilaterales sin trauma ni implante de LIO. Apoyo visión subnormal.


Objective: To evaluate late postoperative infantile cataracts. Material: A retrospective study of 38 children operated before 2004 that come to an appointment. Registration is completed. Results: Eighteen (56 percent) females, range 5-14 years. 42 percent were total cataracts, 82 percent had vision less than 0.1 and 18 percent abandon treatment. Twenty were bilateral cases (56 percent), 5 had family history and one had Down syndrome. 29 eyes (73 percent) had IOLs implanted, 14 achieving vision greater than 0.5 (34 percent recorded). 18 (75 percent) had primary capsulotomy (12) or YAG (6). NIne (45 percent) microphthalmia, nystagmus had worse visual prognosis (biometrics 75 percent<16mm). 4 cases (20 percent) end up with strabismus and 2 (10 percent) glaucoma. Eighteen unilateral (46 percent) 61 percent visions less than 0.1, 50 percent had total cataract. 11 injuries (surgical age 6 years old vs unilateral surgical 2). 12 eyes (67 percent) with capsulotomy and 11 IOL implantation (53 percent increase 72 percent trauma). 27 percent final vision o, 5 or higher and 1 case with zero vision (trauma PVR). Conclusions: Worse Prognosis in bilateral or unilateral microphthalmia without trauma or IOL implantation. Low vision support.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/statistics & numerical data , Cataract/epidemiology , Eye Health Services , Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care , Postoperative Period , Prognosis , Visual Acuity
20.
Clinics ; 65(4): 357-361, 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-546309

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the governmental costs of patients undergoing phacoemulsification and extracapsular cataract extraction at a public hospital in a developing country. METHODS: A prospective study was conduced with 205 patients. The subjects were randomized for cataract surgery using either phacoemulsification or extracapsular cataract extraction techniques. RESULTS: Of the 205 patients, 101 patients were submitted to phacoemulsificationand 104 patients were submitted to extracapsular cataract extraction. Brazilian Health Care System expenditures for the surgery and the postoperative period were US$ 95.49 more in the phacoemulsification group than in the extracapsular cataract extractiongroup. If we take into account Social Security expenditures, then we estimate that the average difference for the total direct cost for the government for the surgery and the postoperative period for both procedures was US$ 50.91 or approximately half of the initial difference in cost for the phacoemulsification surgery. The total cost of cataract surgery for the government (excluding social security) was estimated at US$ 258.79 for extracapsular cataract extraction and US$ 309.70 for phacoemulsification per patient. Focusing only on working patients, the total cost was US$ 342.21 for phacoemulsification and US$ 587.71 for extracapsular cataract extraction, a difference of US$ 245.50. This difference can be considered monetarily and socially justifiable when the benefits of the surgical technique are evaluated. CONCLUSION: Under the conditions of this study, we observed that phacoemulsification was an efficient procedure with regard to the impact on public health care system, when all costs are assessed comprehensively, mainly for subjects with regular jobs.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cataract Extraction/economics , Health Care Costs/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Cataract Extraction/methods , Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Developing Countries , Prospective Studies , Phacoemulsification/economics , Phacoemulsification/statistics & numerical data , Statistics, Nonparametric
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